The 10 commandments are only for the people of God. They are not "commandments," per se, but more like a Bill of Rights. They are not to be interpreted as a legal code but rather as a statement of covenantal policy (God's covenant with His people). They're so general as to be virtually unenforceable through any judicial system. The "10 words" of Exodus 20 are not a summary, nor are they to be singled out as more important than anything else in the Law. They just function the way anything else in the Law functions: to reveal God and to direct Israel how to construct an identity as the people of God. Technically they are not for everyone but rather for God's people.

Or are they only directed to those who follow the Christian God? I ask because I would think they are God's laws for everyone. If there was an exclusion for anyone I've never heard of it.

So we have Commandment #5: Honor your father and your mother.

If I am a child of Muslim parents - how am I expected (upon penalty of eternity in Hell) to find my way to Christianity and still keep this commandment?

Note: This is theoretical, as I am an atheist. But please do help me understand, as this particular thought was one of the few that began the unraveling of my indoctrination several years ago.