by jimwalton » Tue Jun 03, 2014 11:37 am
> 1 Peter 2.18.
Because God asks his followers to be submissive doesn't mean he endorses the harsh punishment they are receiving. Just as Jesus said, "When someone strikes you, turn the other cheek," doesn't mean he approved of the strike. Unfortunately, there were jerks who were masters back then just as there are jerks who are bosses now. So the teaching is "be a good person no matter how you are treated." Nothing wrong with that.
> Ex. 21.2-6.
You misunderstand this situation. First of all, obviously, as it says, if the person comes with a wife, he gets to leave with her (3). Secondly, this is a situation of debt-slavery. It's serving another person for a period of time to pay off a debt owed. We do the same thing today but call it "employment." (I know there's a difference between the two systems, but we also commit ourselves to others to pay off our debts.) But if this master gives him a wife from someone who is already his debt-slave, that debt isn't necessarily paid off. The man, then, has options (we know this from ancient culture): (1) Wait for the wife and kids to pay off their debt-service while he works elsewhere. The longest period this could be is 7 years, for after 7 years all debt-slaves are freed in Israel. (2) He can pay off the debt for them with his earnings, releasing them from their contractual obligations. (3) He can choose to work permanently for his employer/master. There were contractual obligations to be fulfilled, even if they get married, and so the legal contracts are still binding.
> Ex. 21.7-11
This is another example of casuistic case law. Such regulations don't assume that what is described is a good idea, but "IF" such a thing happens, "THEN" here is how it should be handled. Case law begins with specific examples that don’t necessarily present best-case scenarios, but merely with real-life situations. So the law here instructs Israelites about what should be done under certain inferior conditions. Even if the conditions are less than ideal, the goal is to protect women in unfortunate circumstances.
Ex. 21.7-11 section is about marriage. In days of arranged marriages, daughters would be given in return for a dowry. Marriage was as much an economic arrangement as a social one. You'll notice here that the sale of a daughter into slavery is a marriage arrangement as a way of paying off a debt. As a way to protect those in poverty, and to protect the rights of the woman given to a man with this understanding, the debt would be liquidated, the daughter would have a husband, and he must treat her properly. You see in Ex. 21.8 that if the man is not pleased with her, he can't just dump her or abuse her, but must let her be redeemed by someone else in proper, legal form. If he passes her on to his son (v. 9), she becomes a daughter, not a slave. V. 10 speaks of provision of food, clothing, and marital rights. If he falters on any of these points, she is free to go (11). There is nothing about this that is brutal.
> Ex. 21.20-21
There is nothing in the law in Ex. 21.20 to suggest that God commands it, approves of it, or in any way endorses it. It is an "if...then" directive. The spirit of the law is clearly that slaves are to be treated by the same talionic laws as everyone else: whatever punishment they receive fits the crime, not exceeds it. Slaves are considered persons with rights. Any treatment of them was to be along the lines of what is fair and just, and not what is abusive, as was common in other countries. Brutality was not commanded or approved.
> It's OK though, it's just a social construct and not a moral one.
To make a point, you're ignoring that I specifically said, "slavery enters the moral realm is when it comes to how people are perceived and how they are treated."
> 1 Peter 2.18.
Because God asks his followers to be submissive doesn't mean he endorses the harsh punishment they are receiving. Just as Jesus said, "When someone strikes you, turn the other cheek," doesn't mean he approved of the strike. Unfortunately, there were jerks who were masters back then just as there are jerks who are bosses now. So the teaching is "be a good person no matter how you are treated." Nothing wrong with that.
> Ex. 21.2-6.
You misunderstand this situation. First of all, obviously, as it says, if the person comes with a wife, he gets to leave with her (3). Secondly, this is a situation of debt-slavery. It's serving another person for a period of time to pay off a debt owed. We do the same thing today but call it "employment." (I know there's a difference between the two systems, but we also commit ourselves to others to pay off our debts.) But if this master gives him a wife from someone who is already his debt-slave, that debt isn't necessarily paid off. The man, then, has options (we know this from ancient culture): (1) Wait for the wife and kids to pay off their debt-service while he works elsewhere. The longest period this could be is 7 years, for after 7 years all debt-slaves are freed in Israel. (2) He can pay off the debt for them with his earnings, releasing them from their contractual obligations. (3) He can choose to work permanently for his employer/master. There were contractual obligations to be fulfilled, even if they get married, and so the legal contracts are still binding.
> Ex. 21.7-11
This is another example of casuistic case law. Such regulations don't assume that what is described is a good idea, but "IF" such a thing happens, "THEN" here is how it should be handled. Case law begins with specific examples that don’t necessarily present best-case scenarios, but merely with real-life situations. So the law here instructs Israelites about what should be done under certain inferior conditions. Even if the conditions are less than ideal, the goal is to protect women in unfortunate circumstances.
Ex. 21.7-11 section is about marriage. In days of arranged marriages, daughters would be given in return for a dowry. Marriage was as much an economic arrangement as a social one. You'll notice here that the sale of a daughter into slavery is a marriage arrangement as a way of paying off a debt. As a way to protect those in poverty, and to protect the rights of the woman given to a man with this understanding, the debt would be liquidated, the daughter would have a husband, and he must treat her properly. You see in Ex. 21.8 that if the man is not pleased with her, he can't just dump her or abuse her, but must let her be redeemed by someone else in proper, legal form. If he passes her on to his son (v. 9), she becomes a daughter, not a slave. V. 10 speaks of provision of food, clothing, and marital rights. If he falters on any of these points, she is free to go (11). There is nothing about this that is brutal.
> Ex. 21.20-21
There is nothing in the law in Ex. 21.20 to suggest that God commands it, approves of it, or in any way endorses it. It is an "if...then" directive. The spirit of the law is clearly that slaves are to be treated by the same talionic laws as everyone else: whatever punishment they receive fits the crime, not exceeds it. Slaves are considered persons with rights. Any treatment of them was to be along the lines of what is fair and just, and not what is abusive, as was common in other countries. Brutality was not commanded or approved.
> It's OK though, it's just a social construct and not a moral one.
To make a point, you're ignoring that I specifically said, "slavery enters the moral realm is when it comes to how people are perceived and how they are treated."