by jimwalton » Mon Jul 15, 2019 2:30 pm
> Let me pose a question: If God himself did perform or did command the performing of complete slaughter of every man, woman, child, cow, pig, etc. would you not still see that as right and not morally dubious?
Yeah, probably, but it never happened. As I mentioned, the population didn't live in the cities. They were farmers and shepherds, and they lived out and about. Some were Bedouins, and therefore wanderers. The ones who lived in the cities were the political rulers and the soldiers. So even when the Israelites destroyed the city (like Jericho or Midian, where the killed the population) or burned it (Jericho, Ai, and Hazor were the only cities they burned), who they were killing were the king and his court and the soldiers. At Midian, they also were supposed to kill the animals. For instance, Jericho and Ai were garrisons, not cities for the general population. Dr. Paul Copan writes, "Israel’s wars were directed towards governmental and military installments, where the king, his army, and the priesthood resided. The use of 'women' and 'young and old' was merely stock ancient Near Eastern language that could be used even if women and young and old weren’t living there. The language of 'all' ('men and women') at Jericho and Ai is a stereotypical expression for the destruction of all human life in the fort, presumably composed entirely of combatants. The text doesn’t require that women and young and old must have been in these sites."
> Numbers 31, we have God commanding the ransacking of the Midianites. Verse 32-40 says: The plunder remaining from the spoils that the soldiers took was 675,000 sheep, 72,000 cattle, 61,000 donkeys and 32,000 women who had never slept with a man.
Plunder figures are almost always hyperbolic in the ancient Near East. These numbers (Num. 31.32) are even higher than those confiscated in the campaign of Thutmose III of Egypt during his campaign against ALL the northern Canaanite cities. The Karnak temple accounts mention plunder of 1929 cattle, 2000 goats, 20,500 sheep, and 2503 slaves (men, women, and children), along with a variety of physical objects such as gold bowls and ebony statues.
So we can ascertain that these plunder figures are grossly exaggerated, as was the custom of the day. Another possible aspect is that the same words for "thousands" is also the word for "division" or "clan." It's more likely they brought back 675 groups of sheep, not 675,000, for instance.
> is capturing virgin women (perhaps some 32,000 of them, perhaps less) as war booty not morally dubious behavior to you?
There were most likely 32 groupings of women, not 32,000. That number is out of control. If they wished to be married, they could take them back to their homes, comply with a month of rituals, and then be married. It was against the Law for a POW to be treated as a sex object. If the marriage didn't work out, they had to treat her with respect and release her, not just kick her to the curb.
> Notice the human sacrifice within those verses.
There's no human sacrifice in these verses. Evidence is pretty slim for human sacrifice anywhere in the ancient Near East, though there is some. For Israel it's slim to nonexistent. The word for "tribute" speaks of dedication, not sacrifice.
> Also, seeing that there is rhetoric and propaganda within the Bible, one would have to wonder where it stops.
We don't too much have to wonder. Biblical scholarship is 2500 years old. We pretty much known where the hyperbole is.
> Perhaps the entire story of Jesus was only meant as rhetoric and propaganda as well.
There's no reason or evidence to think this is so. The Gospel accounts were written as theological historiography, not as rhetoric and propaganda.
> I'm perfectly fine with saying humans aren't perfect, something Christians can't do for their God.
We don't have to justify the actions of God. He's the police force and the courtroom judge, bringing guilty people to proper justice. There's nothing morally dubious.
> I would hope one would hold a being that is said to be perfection and righteousness itself to a higher standard than humans, wouldn't you agree?
I agree in one sense. In another sense, right is right and wrong is wrong no matter who is involved.
> God specifically gives instructions for some kind of abortion ritual in Numbers 5:11-31.
I always get somewhat of a kick out of the posts on this forum by atheists. You all use the same texts, as if you're all checking the same websites. There are texts in the Bible far more worthy of discussion, but I'm not sure too many atheists are actually reading the Bible as much as cutting and pasting from the website lists. I'm not saying you're doing this, because I don't know where you get your information, but it always comes out as the same handful of texts. Many critics, I'm guessing, aren't actually reading and studying but are just using an Internet list.
Numbers 5.11-31 isn't a step-by-step abortion guide. There is nothing in the Kool-Aid that will cause abortion. The text is about a woman who is accused of hooking up, and whose husband is upset, obviously, and wants her to come clean on it. First, he is to take an offering to God as a way to ask the Lord's participation in the proceedings. Then the wife is to drink some water from the tabernacle mixed with some dust from the tabernacle floor, both of which would be symbols of their relationship with God and their (supposed) commitment to honor him. By drinking the water, she would in effect be agreeing to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth. Then when the priest asks her if the accusation is true or not, she's bound to her word. That's the point anyway. And then if it is shown that she was faithful and her husband is just suspicious, then God will bless her, and if it is shown that she was a naughty girl and did the wild thing (or if she lies about it to cover it up), that God would punish her for that breach of covenant, both with him and with her husband. But it's far from a step-by-step abortion guide.
Other cultures used a "trial by ordeal" kind of process where the accused is placed "in the hand of God" by some mechanism, generally one that will put the accused in jeopardy, such as drinking poison or being set on fire. And if the deity intervenes to protect them, then that's a declaration of acquittal. Obviously, this is a "guilty until proven innocent" scenario. Hammurabi used a "river ordeal" for trials in his court.
This process, outlined in Num. 5.11-13, involves neither magic nor danger, but simply creates a symbolic situation for the woman to tell the truth and for God to respond. The woman here is presumed innocent until circumstances (directed by the Lord) show otherwise.
> I wouldn't expect God to take pity on those in the womb based on verses such as Mark 13:17 which says "But woe to those who are pregnant and to those who are nursing babies in those days!"
Mark 13 isn't an issue of God not taking pity but rather of the inconveniences of war. When the Romans invaded Palestine from AD 66-73, they were brutal. Jesus is prophesying the awfulness of what is coming because fo their rebellion.
> Hosea 9.14
Am I to assume you've read and studied Hosea? ; )
Hosea is prophesying the end of the northern 10 tribes via their conquest by Assyria in 722 BC. Their sin and apostasy have reached a level of hopelessness, and judgment is the only option left. Hosea 9.14 is a prophecy that Israel as a nation will come to an end. Their country and people will cease to exist. There will be no more children. The image Hosea uses is both poetic and terse, using the adverse language to Genesis 49.25. God is not intending "to give women wombs that miscarry." Through the stress and brutality of war, children will no longer be born who are "Israelite."
If you've studied the Bible, you are familiar with its literary techniques, the style of the prophets, and the language of judgment.
> Hosea 13.16
Here Hosea is using a literary technique called metonymy. In verses 12-13 it is clear that Hosea is using the image of a pregnant women and the fetus inside as a metonym for discipline (judgment). God's disciplinary judgment is "growing in the womb," and it is about to be born. While God has been patiently waiting, the time of delivery is upon the rebellious and the evil. Its onset is imminent, just like a woman in labor. So when the time of judgment comes, it will not just be a calm and normal birth, delivering the child gently by candlelight, but it will be as if the child were ripped from its mother’s womb and dashed to the ground, their evil has been so great and their judgment so deserved.
In addition, Hosea is using a rhetorical technique. Common ancient Near Eastern warfare rhetoric included wiping out populations (though that was rarely done), burning young children (though that was even more rare), and even tearing open pregnant woman (almost nonexistent). But it was the way they spoke when they were expressing their intent to devastate the enemy.
In other words, none of this is literal. It is metonymy and rhetoric to express the depth of God’s wrath and the completeness of the judgment.
> I'm sure there's more verses to point to but, in short, the God of the Bible seems to not care any more about fetuses in the womb than humans do.
Hopefully you can see how this is a false conclusion. Hosea uses literary techniques. This is not the language of antipathy toward fetuses in the womb.